Established in 1985, the Comites are representative bodies of the Italian community, directly elected by compatriots residing abroad in each consular district where at least three thousand compatriots registered in the updated list referred to in art. 5, paragraph 1, of Law 459/2001. 
In constituencies where fewer than three thousand Italian citizens reside, the Committees can be appointed by the diplomatic-consular authority.

The Comites are made up of 12 members or 18 members, depending on whether they are elected in consular districts with a number of less than or more than 100,000 resident compatriots, as they result from the updated list of Italian citizens residing abroad. 
In addition to elected members of Italian citizenship, foreign citizens of Italian origin may be part of the Committee, by co-optation, to an extent not exceeding one third of the members of the elected Committee (4 or 6 members).

Pursuant to art. 1, co. 2 of law 286/2003, the Comites are representative bodies of Italians abroad in relations with diplomatic-consular representations. 
Also through studies and research, they contribute to identifying the social, cultural and civil development needs of the reference community; promote, in collaboration with the consular authority, with the regions and local autonomies, as well as with bodies, associations and committees  operating within the consular district, appropriate initiatives in matters pertaining to the  social and cultural life, with particular regard to the participation of young people, as equals  opportunities, social and educational assistance, vocational training, the recreational sector, sport and leisure.
The Committees are also called upon to cooperate with the consular authority in protecting the rights and interests of Italian citizens residing in the consular district.

Following the elections of December 2021, 115 elective Comites are operating today, to which 5 are added by consular nomination.